Multi-Variable SWAT Model Calibration Using Satellite-Based Evapotranspiration Data and Streamflow

In this study, monthly streamflow and satellite-based actual evapotranspiration data (AET) were used to evaluate the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model for calibration of an experimental sub-basin with mixed land-use characteristics in Athens, Greece. Three scenarios performed using (i.e., single variable), AET streamflow–AET together multi-variable) provide insights into how different affect hydrological processes a catchment complex land use characteristics. The obtained from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). was achieved SUFI-2 algorithm SWAT-CUP program. results suggested that variable calibrations showed moderately better performance than multi-variable calibration. However, scenario displayed acceptable outcomes both indicated reasonably good estimations (NSE = 0.70; R2 0.86; PBIAS 6.1%). under-predicted all during dry season compared MODIS AET. Overall, study demonstrated data, can enhance be choice watersheds lacking sufficient spatial observations.